The German surname of ASSELIN was a baptismal name 'the son of Ascer' a very ancient personal name, originally rendered in Old Norman French as ASSE, meaning noble. The name is also spelt as Azar and in Edel. In the Middle Ages the name was also applied to the lowest order of a free citizen, ranking below the nobility and knightly class, but above the masses of the servile population. The name was taken to England by early settlers and is spelt Ashling, Astling and Ashlin. Many factors contributed to the establishment of a surname system. For generations after the Norman Conquest of 1066 a very few dynasts and magnates passed on hereditary surnames, but most of the population, with a wide choice of first-names out of Celtic, Old English, Norman and Latin, avoided ambiguity without the need for a second name. As society became more stabilized, there was property to leave in wills, the towns and villages grew and the labels that had served to distinguish a handful of folk in a friendly village were not adequate for a teeming slum where perhaps most of the householders were engaged in the same monotonous trade, so not even their occupations could distinguish them, and some first names were gaining a tiresome popularity, especially Thomas after 1170. The hereditary principle in surnames gained currency first in the South, and the poorer folk were slower to apply it. By the 14th century however, most of the population had acquired a second name. Early records of the name include Ascelyn de Peybirk who was recorded in County Huntingdonshire in 1273, and Acelin Wyteknave appears in Lancashire in 1379. In the Middle Ages heraldry came into use as a practical matter. It originated in the devices used to distinguish the armoured warriors in tournament and war, and was also placed on seals as marks of identity. As far as records show, true heraldry began in the middle of the 12th century, and appeared almost simultaneously in several countries of Western Europe.