The surname of AVISS was a baptismal name 'the son of Avis' an ancient although now forgotten personal. Early records of the name mention Eusebruis Avice of the County of Lincolnshire in 1273. Avice le Aubergere was documented in the year 1300 in County Lancashire. Avis Cliff was baptised at Stepney Parish Church, London in 1590. George Plumley and Dorothy Avis were married at St. George's, Hanover Square, London in 1773. William Aves and Mary Schooling were married at the same church in 1778. Originally the coat of arms identified the wearer, either in battle or in tournaments. Completely covered in body and facial armour the knight could be spotted and known by the insignia painted on his shield, and embroidered on his surcoat, the draped garment which enveloped him. Between the 11th and 15th centuries it became customary for surnames to be assumed in Europe, but were not commonplace in England or Scotland before the Norman Conquest of 1066. They are to be found in the Domesday Book of 1086. Those of gentler blood assumed surnames at this time, but it was not until the reign of Edward II (1307-1327) that second names became general practice for all people. At first the coat of arms was a practical matter which served a function on the battlefield and in tournaments. With his helmet covering his face, and armour encasing the knight from head to foot, the only means of identification for his followers, was the insignia painted on his shield and embroidered on his surcoat, the draped and flowing garment worn over the armour.