SURNAMES as we know them today were first assumed in Europe from the 11th to the 15th Century. They were not in use in England or in Scotland before the Norman Conquest, and were first found in the Domesday Book. The employment in the use of a second name was a custom that was first introduced from the Normans. They themselves had not long before adopted them. It became, in course of time, a mark of gentler blood, and it was deemed a disgrace for gentlemen to have but one single name, as the meaner sort had. It was not until the reign of Edward II ( 1307-1327 ) it became general practice amongst all people. AVON is a river name which goes back to the Old English spelling Abona. It was a locational name, from residence beside the river. Local names usually denoted where a man held his land, and indicated where he actually lived. Early records of the name mention Afen (without surname) 672, Hampshire. The name was documented as Afene in County Somerset in the year 808. The name was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Nederavena. At first the coat of arms was a practical matter which served a function on the battlefield and in tournaments. With his helmet covering his face, and armour encasing the knight from head to foot, the only means of identification for his followers, was the insignia painted on his shield and embroidered on his surcoat, the flowing and draped garment worn over the armour. The associated coat of arms is recorded in Rietstaps Armorial General. Registered in France.