The surname of ANDERTON was a locational name from the place so called, a township in the parish of Standish, County Lancashire. There seems to be a second Anderton since there is a record that states 'Samuel Oldknow of Mellor, was born at Anderton near Bolton in Lancashire on October 5th 1756, and established a large muslin factory in Stockport in 1784'. Habitation names were originally acquired by the original bearer of the name, who, having lived by, at or near a place, would then take that name as a form of identification for himself and his family. When people lived close to the soil as they did in the Middle Ages, they were acutely conscious of every local variation in landscape and countryside. Every field or plot of land was identified in normal conversation by a descriptive term. If a man lived on or near a hill or mountain, or by a river or stream, forests and trees, he might receive the word as a family name. Almost every town, city or village early times, has served to name many families. William Anderton of Little Lever was listed in the Wills at Chester in 1590, and Jane, daughter of Christopher Anderton was baptised at St. James's, Clerkenwell, London in 1661. The acquisition of surnames in Europe during the past eight hundred years has been affected by many factors, including social class and social structure, naming practices in neighbouring cultures, and indigenous cultural tradition. On the whole, the richer and more powerful classes tended to acquire surnames earlier than the working classes and the poor, while surnames were quicker to catch on in urban areas than in more sparsely populated rural areas. These facts suggest that the origin of surnames is associated with the emergence of bureaucracies. As long as land tenure, military service, and fealty were matters of direct relationship between a lord and his vassals, the need did not arise for fixed distinguishing epithets to mark out one carl from another. But as societies became more complex, and as such matters as the management of tenure and in particular the collection of taxes were delegated to special functionaries, it became imperative to have a more complex system of nomenclature to distinguish one individual from another reliably and unambiguously. Thomas Anderton married Elizabeth Brittan at St. George's, Hanover Square, London in 1772.